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On October 9, 1874, twenty-two countries signed in Bern the Treaty of the General Postal Union, establishing common rules for the exchange of international mail. The organisation, renamed the Universal Postal Union in 1878, was one of the first international bodies in history and is today a specialised agency of the UN.

On October 9, 1967, Argentine-Cuban guerrilla fighter Ernesto "Che" Guevara was summarily executed in La Higuera, Bolivia, after being captured by the Bolivian army with CIA assistance. He was 39 years old. His photograph, taken by Alberto Korda in 1960, became the most reproduced icon of rebellion in the twentieth century.

On October 9, 1962, Uganda gained independence from the United Kingdom, ending decades of British colonial rule. The country, situated at the heart of Africa and bordering Lake Victoria, was born with enormous natural resources and prospects of prosperity that would be cut short by the years of Idi Amin's dictatorship during the 1970s.