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On October 27, 1962, known as Black Saturday, was the most dangerous moment of the Cuban Missile Crisis. An American U-2 spy plane was shot down over Cuba, a Soviet submarine came close to firing a nuclear torpedo, and the world was seconds away from catastrophe. The restraint of both sides narrowly averted nuclear war.

On October 27, 1904, New York City inaugurated its subway system, the first in US history, with a 22-kilometre line between City Hall and 145th Street. On the first day, 150,000 people travelled. The New York subway became the largest in the Western world and the defining symbol of modern urban life.

On October 27, 1682, English Quaker William Penn arrived at the colony that would bear his name — Pennsylvania — and founded the city of Philadelphia, meaning "brotherly love" in Greek. The city, conceived as an experiment in religious tolerance and coexistence, would become the cradle of American independence and the country's largest city for more than a century.